Water-based stiffeners are organic additives that are insoluble in water, but have certain stiffening properties (no ionic or molecular chain lengths up to 2~3 levels, large specific surface area). It is a class of water-based stiffener, mainly used in paint, plastic, rubber, paint and other organic coatings, adhesives and other industries. Stiffener is a class of organic compounds formed by hydrogenation of ester groups in the form of emulsions (see Appendix A), stiffener is mainly formed by stearic acid (ester), hydroxyl groups (especially ester groups), hydrogen bonds, hydroxyl, carboxyl and amide groups. The hydrogen bonding between the ester groups results in an absorbing or swelling effect of the stiffener. Therefore, the stiffener can effectively overcome the defects of the coating and adhesive such as wrinkling, breaking or peeling of the adhesive layer due to high temperature expansion, and has excellent ageing resistance and acid and alkali resistance, as well as good mechanical properties, weathering and heat resistance and cold resistance.
Stiffeners can be divided into two categories, oil-soluble and water-soluble, according to their structure. The oil-soluble stiffeners are mainly used in organic coatings such as paints, plastics and rubber to prevent defects such as blistering, cracking and flaking of materials due to high temperature expansion. The water-soluble stiffener has a softening effect on both oil and water solutions and does not crack the paint, but does not react completely with the pigment mixture or make it cloudy and other defects. As a result of the role of hardening does not produce by-products (such as acrylic or sulphonate type) or no by-products, thus improving the dispersion of the hardening agent and increasing the hardening ability to significantly improve its heat resistance, weather resistance, cold resistance and low temperature performance. It also reduces the amount of solvent used in the coating and extends the time required for the drying process of the waterborne stiffener, reducing production costs.
Basic chemical structure
Stiffeners are generally composed of acetate, fatty acid esters, hydroxy acid ester compounds or alkyl lipid compounds. Most stiffeners are water-absorbent and thus reduce the viscosity of the stiffener system by effectively dispersing organic solvents into the emulsion. It can also be used as a stabiliser or emulsifier. Stiffeners are also available in special performance types. Such as: solvent-based hardener used in plastics, rubber, coatings, adhesives and other industries; solvent-based hardener used in paints and coatings with good hardening effect; liquid used in the food industry to maintain good processability; insoluble in water, soluble in acrylates and other organic solvents; can be synergistic with most organic solvents; can produce hydrogen bonding with acids and bases; strong chelating power for acid anhydride ionic energy; can be used with different types polymerization; good weatherability; high stiffness and corrosion resistance.
Stiffener use method
1、Stirring: Stiffener in the mixture will appear more gathered, in the mixing and stirring process to produce the phenomenon of bubbles, and too much suspended matter, it will lead to the formation of emulsion film on the surface of the paint and cause poor stiffening effect and other problems. Therefore, attention should be paid to the amount of stiffener, the amount of addition should be appropriate, the mixture should not be too thick, so as not to disperse unevenly resulting in blistering, affecting the use of the effect.
2, stirring: the use of low-speed stirring equipment to make the stiffener hydration and the formation of a uniform consistency of the water mixture, the method has the following: (1) first add a low concentration of stearic acid (ester), hydroxyl, hydrogen bonding and hydroxyl, and then mixed with stearic acid or ester groups, etc. together to form a stiffener;. Or the two together into a stiffening mixture; after adding an appropriate amount of water and heating to denature it.
3, solvent-based: this type of stiffener is a class of organic compounds or polymers based on carboxyl (or hydroxyl); dissolved in water and formed a copolymer (generally ester-based) structure; or its polymerization to get a longer molecular chain, larger specific surface area, higher viscosity and good dispersion properties and in the water-based The cross-linked structure is a polymer with a long molecular chain, a large specific surface area, a high viscosity and good dispersion properties and a certain bond in the waterborne coating system (mainly depending on the amount of stiffener in the resin system). Stiffeners are emulsion-like liquids that are absorbed at room temperature and form a network structure after a series of reactions (see appendices A and B). Stiffeners usually contain small amounts of additives such as salts, carboxylic acids (e.g. hydroxyl amines, phosphate esters or disodium sulphonates) or small amounts of metal ions.
Its application range is very wide, including water-based coatings, plastic films, adhesives and polymers containing hardener can also be used as a base material for coatings or plastic products.
1, water-based or oil-based: suitable for all types of coatings, generally mid-range products; 2. non-water soluble: can be dissolved in water and then slowly dispersed in the emulsion evenly dispersed.
3, solid-phase mixing: emulsion liquid can be added to a variety of organic adhesives together with Solid material is mixed well (with organic fillers) for blending; adding the right amount of stiffener will make the stiffener have a certain hardness to improve its mechanical properties and ageing resistance (see Appendix B).
- Waterborne stiffener coatings with
Stiffener in organic coatings, plastics, rubber and other industries
Stiffener in water-based coatings is mainly used to modify unsaturated polyesters, copolymer emulsions, etc. It can make the synthetic resin performance is improved. The polymer after hardening not only has high quality hardness, but also has better water resistance and ageing resistance. It can be used by first diluting the stiffener into a solution with a concentration of 20-40%, then adding it to the reactor for emulsification reaction and adding the appropriate amount of dilution to make a high stiffening emulsion. When the emulsion contains more than a certain percentage of organic solvents, the phenomenon of polymerisation and decomposition will occur, which not only reduces the performance of the resin but also causes the ageing of the equipment or product. So in the production of coatings and polymer systems to add the right amount of stiffener can improve the use of its effect, so that the product has better flexibility and high temperature resistance.
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